Visualise data

Synonyms:
Visualize Data, data viz, dataviz

Data visualisation is the process of representing data graphically in order to identify trends and patterns that would otherwise be unclear or difficult to discern.

Data visualisation serves two purposes: to bring clarity during analysis and to communicate.

The choice of what type of graph or visualisation to use depends greatly on the nature of the variables you have, such as relational, comparative, time-based, etc. Here we have adopted and modified the categorization system used by ManyEyes (archived link, IBM closed this service in 2015). 

That said, sometimes graphing data with an inappropriate visualisation can lead to insights during analysis that would have remained hidden. Experimentation with visualisations during analysis is okay, but when communicating a visualisation, use the graph types listed under the proper methods below. Incorrect visualisation leads to confusion, errors, and abandonment among viewers.

The methods listed here can support both purposes of analysis and communication. You may want to graph data during analysis to see, for example, spikes in website traffic related to your social media campaigns. Visualisation, in this instance, eases data analysis. When communicating that data, however, the visualisation may need to be simplified and key areas may need emphasis in order to call the attention of readers and stakeholders. See the discussion under Report and Support Use for more information about how you may want to repackage a data visualisation for communication purposes.

Each main method below contains several visualisation possibilities. Click on each to see examples and read advice on using and choosing that visualisation method.

This graphic by Andrew Abela from Extreme Presentations provides a good representation of different types charts that can be used to visualise data.

Diagram showing four categories of charts to choose from

(c) 2006 A. Abela, used with permission. www.ExtremePresentation.com. View this chart as a pdf.

 

Methods

See relationships among data points

Compare a set of values

Changes over time

See the parts of a whole

Analyse a text

See the world

Expand to view all resources related to 'Visualise data'

'Visualise data' is referenced in: