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Statistically created counterfactual
A statistical model, such as regression analysis, is used to develop an estimate of what would have happened in the absence of an intervention.
Method
Numeric weighting
Numeric weighting involves developing numeric scales in order to rate performance against each evaluation criterion and then adding them up for a total score.
Method
Multi-criteria analysis
A multi-criteria analysis (MCA) is a form of appraisal that measures variables such as material costs, time savings and project sustainability as well as the social and environmental impacts in addition to monetary impacts.
Method
Textual narrative synthesis
Dividing the studies into relatively homogenous groups, reporting study characteristics within each group, and articulating broader similarities and differences among the groups
Method
Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis is a statistical method for combining numeric evidence from experimental (and sometimes quasi-experimental studies) to produce a weighted average effect size.
Method
Rapid evidence assessment
Rapid Evidence Assessment is a process that uses a combination of key informant interviews and targeted literature searches to produce a report in a few days or a few weeks.
Method
Modus operandi
Interventions create distinctive/characteristic patterns of effects. Scriven describes the modus operandi as a set of footprints:
Method
Expert panel
Expert panels are used when specialized input and opinion is required for an evaluation.
Method
Logically constructed counterfactual
In some cases it is not possible to construct a counterfactual by creating a control group or a comparison group, but by constructing one logically.
Method
Postcards
Postcards can be used to collect information quickly, and they can also be used to provide a short report on evaluation findings (or an update on progress).
Method
Data dashboard
Stephen Few defines a dashboard as: "A data dashboard is a visual display of the most important information needed to achieve one or more objectives, with the data consolidated and arranged on a single screen so the informa
Method
Photographic reporting
Adding photographs to an evaluation report can make it more appealing to readers and also make the key messages more memorable.
Method
Poetry
When preparing an evaluation report, one way of communicating vividly the experience of participants, or the situation in which the program has been implemented, is to present some of the findings in the form of a poem.
Method
Chartjunk elimination
Often the default settings in graphing programs include too much extraneous graphic detail that can confuse readers and cause them to stop engaging with the report.
Method
Descriptive chart titles
Descriptive subtitles in a chart can highlight the key takeaway points for the reader. This is particularly important when graphs must stand alone, without the assistance of the evaluation to help interpret them.
Method
Headings as summary statements
Headings are extremely important to the readability of reports and documents.
Method
Displays and exhibits
Through the use of pictures, video or audio representations, maps or models, displays and exhibits can be used to draw attention to certain issues and assist in community engagement.
Method
Reporting needs analysis
Conducting a needs analysis with your client to determine their reporting requirements.
Method
Verbal Briefings
Verbal briefings are a way of providing specific information to an audience of interested participants allowing for a structured question and answer format based on that information.
Method
Statistical generalisation
Statistical generalisation involves statistically calculating the likely parameters of a population using data from a random sample of that population.
Method
Webconference
Webconferencing is a conference hosted on the internet that can allow people who live in different parts of the world to get together.
Method
Videoconference
Videoconferences can be used to gather data, communicate about the evaluation, including reporting findings, receive feedback about the evaluation report, and plan for utilization.
Method
Teleconference
Teleconferences can be used to facilitate the discussion of evaluation findings via telephone.
Method
Participatory recommendation screening
This option allows users to test recommendations with key stakeholders.
Method
Electronic democracy
Electronic democracy uses new and emergent forms of media to engage community members in seeking to influence the decision-making process by allowing them to apply pressure to those in power over a diverse range of issues.
Method
Recommendations tracking
Tracking recommendations involves keeping a transparent record of the responses to and action from recommendations.
Method
Annual review
Annual reviews of major evaluation findings and conclusions, based on evaluation studies completed during the preceding year, can be a useful way to support use.
Method
Policy briefing
Policy briefs are designed to outline findings and recommendations in an accessible manner for specific target audiences.
Method
Social learning
Social learning is an approach to learning that focuses on how people learn through social interactions, such as modelling, making connections, sharing experiences and resources, collaboration and self-organization.
Method
Conference co-presentations
Conference co-presentations take place when evaluators and evaluation commissioners or users jointly present findings or discussions about processes from an evaluation.
Method
Colour blindness
People who are affected by colour blindness are unable to distinguish between different hues of certain colours.
Method
Aide memoire
An aide-memoire generally refers to a document that is produced to summarise key findings and important recommendations of an evaluation.
Method