Rigour

Rigour involves using systematic, transparent processes to produce valid findings and conclusions. There are significant differences in what this is understood to mean in evaluation.

For some evaluators and organisations, rigorous evaluation involves using one of a small number of research designs that address the risk of certain biases—for example, using random assignment to create control groups to reduce the risk of selection bias. This approach is reflected in terminology such as ‘rigorous impact evaluation,’ which refers to evaluations that have used experimental or quasi-experimental research designs.

For other evaluators and organisations, rigorous evaluation involves using systematic and transparent processes that are appropriate to the nature of what is being evaluated and the types of questions being asked. 

Inclusive Rigour is a term used by the Causal Pathways Initiative which incorporates three inter-connected issues: effective methodological bricolage, meaningful participation and inclusion, utilisation and impact.